Underground loader is a kind of earthwork construction machinery widely used in highway, railway, construction, hydropower, port, mine and other construction projects. It is mainly used to shovel soil, sand, lime, coal and other bulk materials. It can also be used for light shovel excavation of ore and hard soil.

裝載機(jī)的選用原則：

Selection principle of loader:

1、機(jī)型的選擇：主要依據(jù)作業(yè)場(chǎng)合和用途進(jìn)行選擇和確定。一般在采石場(chǎng)和軟基地進(jìn)行作業(yè)，多選用輪胎裝載機(jī)配防滑鏈；

1. Selection of machine type: it is mainly selected and determined according to the operation site and purpose. Generally, the operation is carried out in quarries and soft bases, and tire loaders with anti-skid chains are mostly selected;

2、動(dòng)力的選擇：一般多采用工程機(jī)械用柴油發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)，在特殊地域作業(yè)，如海拔高于3000m的地方，應(yīng)采用特殊的高原型柴油發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)；

2. Power selection: generally, diesel engines for construction machinery are used. Special plateau diesel engines shall be used for operation in special areas, such as places with an altitude higher than 3000m;

3、傳動(dòng)型式的選擇：一般選用液力—機(jī)械傳動(dòng)。其中關(guān)鍵部件是變矩器形式的選擇。生產(chǎn)的裝載機(jī)多選用雙渦輪、單級(jí)兩相液力變矩器。

3. Selection of transmission type: hydraulic mechanical transmission is generally selected. The key component is the selection of the form of torque converter. The loaders produced in China mostly use double turbine and single-stage two-phase hydraulic torque converter.

4、在選用裝載機(jī)時(shí)，還要充分考慮裝載機(jī)的制動(dòng)性能，包括多個(gè)在制動(dòng)、停車制動(dòng)和緊急制動(dòng)三種。制動(dòng)器有蹄式、鉗盤式和濕式多片式三種。制動(dòng)器的驅(qū)動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)一般采用加力裝置，其動(dòng)力源有壓縮空氣，氣頂油和液壓式三種。常用的是氣頂油制動(dòng)系統(tǒng)，一般采用雙回路制動(dòng)系統(tǒng)，以提高行駛的性。

4. When selecting the loader, the braking performance of the loader shall be fully considered, including multiple in-service braking, parking braking and emergency braking. There are three types of brakes: shoe type, caliper disc type and wet multi plate type. The driving mechanism of the brake generally adopts the force adding device, and its power source includes compressed air, air top oil and hydraulic type. The commonly used is the air top oil braking system, which generally adopts the double circuit braking system to improve the driving safety.

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