井下裝載機(jī)施工環(huán)境特點(diǎn)

characteristics of underground loader construction environment

井下一般指地下采礦時(shí)，為采礦提升、運(yùn)輸、通風(fēng)、排水、動(dòng)力供應(yīng)等而掘進(jìn)的通道。為了開(kāi)采煤炭，從地面向地下開(kāi)掘的各類通道和硐室都叫井下

Underground generally refers to the tunnel excavated for mining lifting, transportation, ventilation, drainage and power supply during underground mining. In order to mine coal, all kinds of passages and chambers excavated from the ground to the underground are called underground

井下裝載機(jī)施工作業(yè)環(huán)境差，空間較?。坏刭|(zhì)條件多變，經(jīng)常受到頂板、礦塵、水、火等災(zāi)害的威脅；生產(chǎn)工藝復(fù)雜，勞動(dòng)強(qiáng)度大等

The construction environment of underground loader is poor and the space is small; Geological conditions are changeable and are often threatened by roof, mineral dust, water, fire and other disasters; Complex production process, high labor intensity, etc

1）井下坡度不大于15°；

1) The underground slope shall not be greater than 15 °;

2）井下環(huán)境溫度為﹣5℃～+40℃，大相對(duì)濕度不大于90（溫度為25℃時(shí)）；

2) The underground ambient temperature is - 5 ℃ ~ + 40 ℃, and the large relative humidity is no more than 90 (when the temperature is 25 ℃);

3）使用地點(diǎn)海拔不超過(guò)1000m，在海拔超過(guò)1000m的高原環(huán)境下使用時(shí)，應(yīng)根據(jù)情況采取必要的措施或進(jìn)行特殊設(shè)計(jì)；

3) The altitude of the place of use shall not exceed 1000m. When it is used in the plateau environment with an altitude of more than 1000m, necessary measures or special design shall be taken according to the situation;

4）所裝載的礦巖塊度大不超過(guò)400mm；

4) The loaded ore and rock block size shall not exceed 400mm;

5）電壓偏差為±5。交流頻率偏差為±1；

5) The voltage deviation is ± 5. AC frequency deviation is ± 1;

6）裝載機(jī)工作時(shí)周圍的煤塵、甲烷爆炸性氣體含量應(yīng)符合煤礦規(guī)程規(guī)定的含量。

6) The content of coal dust and methane explosive gas around the loader during operation shall comply with the content specified in the coal mine regulations.

【井下裝載機(jī)井下施工作業(yè)常識(shí)】

[general knowledge of underground construction of underground loader]

非煤礦山有兩種主要開(kāi)采方式，一種是地下開(kāi)采，一種是露天開(kāi)采。對(duì)于埋藏較深的礦床，一般采用地下開(kāi)采的方法。地下開(kāi)采有其特殊的作業(yè)特點(diǎn)，主要是：作業(yè)環(huán)境差，空間較?。坏刭|(zhì)條件多變，經(jīng)常受到頂板、礦塵、水、火等災(zāi)害的威脅；生產(chǎn)工藝復(fù)雜，勞動(dòng)強(qiáng)度大等。因此，井下作業(yè)人員需要掌握一定的井下作業(yè)常識(shí)才能保證。

There are two main mining methods in non coal mines, one is underground mining and the other is open-pit mining. For deep buried deposits, underground mining is generally used. Underground mining has its special operation characteristics, mainly including: poor operation environment and small space; Geological conditions are changeable and are often threatened by roof, mineral dust, water, fire and other disasters; Complex production process, high labor intensity, etc. Therefore, underground operators need to master certain underground operation knowledge to ensure.

一、下井前的準(zhǔn)備

1、 Preparation before running down the well

1．人井人員在人井前，一定要吃飽睡足休息好，并且人井前嚴(yán)禁喝酒。

1. Well personnel must have enough food, sleep and rest in front of the well, and drinking is strictly prohibited in front of the well.

2．人井前要穿戴好帽、工作服和膠鞋，做到整齊利索；脖子上好戴一條毛巾，既可擦汗，又可防礦渣掉落到衣服里去，在自救互救中也可能用上。

2. Wear hats, overalls and rubber shoes before entering the well, and keep them neat and tidy; Wear a towel around your neck, which can not only wipe sweat, but also prevent slag from falling into your clothes. It may also be used in self-help and mutual rescue.

3．人井人員需要隨身攜帶礦燈等照明燈具。

3. The manhole personnel need to carry miner's lamp and other lighting lamps.

4．隨身攜帶的鋒利工具，如瓦刀、斧子、鋸等需要套上護(hù)套或裝人工具袋，以防傷人。

4. Sharp tools, such as tile knives, axes and saws, need to be sheathed or packed in tool bags to prevent injury.

5．需要遵守入井掛牌登記制度，登記后方可人井。

5. It is necessary to comply with the listing and registration system for entering the well, and people can enter the well after registration.

6．每個(gè)人井人員都需要自覺(jué)參加班前會(huì)，明確當(dāng)班生產(chǎn)任務(wù)和注意事項(xiàng)，防止發(fā)生事故。

6. Each well operator shall consciously participate in the pre shift meeting, clarify the production tasks and precautions on duty, and prevent accidents.

7．接受崗前培訓(xùn)，取得資格證書(shū)方可人井。每個(gè)在井下工作的人員都需要熟悉自己工作地點(diǎn)的各種災(zāi)害情況的避災(zāi)路線。

7. Accept pre job training and obtain qualification certificate before entering the well. Each person working underground needs to be familiar with the disaster avoidance routes of various disaster situations in his workplace.

8．了解本次下井所經(jīng)過(guò)路線的條件和工作環(huán)境的條件及緊急情況下的逃生路線和方法。

8. Understand the conditions of the route and working environment, as well as the escape route and method in case of emergency.

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